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Research Article

Groundwater and Stream Water Acidification and Mixing with Seawater, and Origin of Liquefaction-Expelled Water in a Tertiary Formation in the Pohang Area

포항지역 제3기층내 지하수와 지표수의 산성화 및 해수혼합, 그리고 액상화 유출수 기원에 관한 연구

Chan Ho Jeong1
,
Song Min Ou2*
,
Yu Jin Lee3*
,
Yong Cheon Lee3
,
Young Seog Kim4
,
Tae Seob Kang4
정 찬호1
,
오 송민2*
,
이 유진3*
,
이 용천3
,
김 영석4
,
강 태섭4
1Professor, Department of Construction Safety Engineering, Daejeon University
2Master Student, Department of Construction Safety Engineering, Daejeon University
3Ph.D. Student, Department of Construction Safety Engineering, Daejeon University
4Professor, Department of Earth Environment, Pukyong University
1대전대학교 건설안전공학과 교수
2대전대학교 건설안전공학과 석사과정
3대전대학교 건설안전공학과 박사과정
4부경대학교 지구환경과학과
*Corresponding Author
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2022. pp. 559-569
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Abstract

This study investigated the acidification and mixing with seawater of groundwater, stream water, and reservoir water in the Hunghae area of Pohang City, as well as the source of water expelled to the stream by liquefaction induced by the Pohang earthquake on 15 November 2017. Geologically, the area consists of Tertiary sedimentary rocks. We collected six samples of groundwater, five of reservoir water, four of stream water, two of liquefaction water, and one of seawater to analyze the chemical composition and stable isotopes (δD and δ18O). Gogkang Stream flows eastward through the central part of the study area into the East Sea. The groundwater and reservoir water in the lower part of the stream are acidic (pH < 4), have a Ca(Mg)-SO4 composition, and high concentrations of Al, Fe, and Mn, likely due to the oxidation of pyrite in Tertiary rocks. The groundwater in the upper part of the stream have a Ca(Na)-HCO3(Cl) composition, indicating the mixing of seawater with the stream water. The δD and δ18O isotope data indicate the isotopic enrichment of reservoir water by evaporation. Based on the chemical and isotopic data, it is inferred that the two samples of liquefaction water originated from alluvium water in a transition zone with stream water, and from deep and shallow groundwaters that has been infiltrated by seawater, respectively.

Keywords
groundwater
acidification
pyrite
mixing of seawater
isotope
evaporation
liquefaction water

이 연구는 포항시 흥해지역 지하수, 하천수, 저수지의 해수 혼합과 산성화, 그리고 포항지진(2017년 11월 15일)으로 인한 액상화 유출수의 기원에 대해서 알아보았다. 연구지역은 제3기 퇴적암층 지질로 구성된다. 지하수 6점, 저수지 5점, 하천수 4점, 액상화 유출수 2점, 해수 1점의 시료를 채취하여 화학성분과 산소 및 수소 동위원소를 분석하였다. 연구지역 중심을 동서로 관통하는 곡강천은 서쪽에서 동해쪽으로 흐른다. 하천 하부지역의 지하수와 저수지는 pH 4 이하의 산성수로 황산염이 부화된 Ca(Mg)-SO4의 수질화학적 유형을 보인다. 제 3기 지층에서 확인되는 황철석의 산화에 의해 기원한 것으로 보이는 Al, Mn, Fe 성분이 특징적으로 높은 농도를 보인다. 하천 상부지역은 하천을 따라서 유입된 염수가 혼합되어 지하수는 Ca(Na)-HCO3(Cl) 유형의 화학적 특성을 보인다. δD와 δ18O 동위원소 분석 결과 모든 물은 GMWL을 따라서 분포하며, 저수지는 증발작용으로 부화된 특성을 보인다. 화학성분과 동위원소 조성으로 볼 때 액상화 유출수 2점은 충적층으로 확산된 인접한 하천수, 그리고 염수화가 일부 진행된 심부와 천부 지하수가 용출된 것으로 보인다.

키워드
지하수
산성화
황철석
해수혼합
동위원소
증발작용
액상화유출수
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Engineering Geology
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한지질공학회
  • Journal Title :The Journal of Engineering Geology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :지질공학
  • Volume : 32
  • No :4
  • Pages :559-569
  • Received Date : 2022-11-16
  • Revised Date : 2022-11-28
  • Accepted Date : 2022-12-06
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.9720/kseg.2022.4.559
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