Correlation Analysis between LFWD and PLT Based on Soil Conditions and a Review of Existing Empirical Formulas

Chun Mok Park; Yoon Hwa Jin

doi:10.9720/kseg.2026.2.185

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2026 Vol.36, Issue 2 Next Page

Research Article

Correlation Analysis between LFWD and PLT Based on Soil Conditions and a Review of Existing Empirical Formulas 지반조건에 따른 소형충격재하시험과 평판재하시험의 상관관계 분석 및 기존 제안식 고찰

30 June 2026. pp. 185-195

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Abstract

The plate loading test (PLT) is primarily utilized as a compaction evaluation method. While highly reliable, it is time-consuming and costly. To address these drawbacks, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport proposed an alternative method utilizing the light falling weight deflectometer (LFWD). However, practical applications of the LFWD for compaction evaluation remain virtually non-existent to date. This is largely because most existing empirical formulas correlating the PLT and LFWD uniformly established relationships without reflecting specific soil conditions. Therefore this study conducted field tests by categorizing soil conditions into aggregate and soil. The correlations for each condition were established, and an evaluation of existing empirical formulas was performed. The findings revealed that while the correlation for soil was similar to existing formulas, the correlation for aggregate was completely unrelated. Accordingly, this study proposes new correlations tailored to these specific soil conditions. Ultimately, to enhance field applicability, it is imperative to accumulate extensive test data under diverse conditions to establish highly reliable correlations.

Keywords

compaction management

light falling weight deflectometer

plate loading test

correlation

embankment

다짐도 판정기법으로는 평판재하시험을 주로 이용한다. 신뢰도가 높은 시험이지만 많은 시간과 비용이 소모되는 단점이 있다. 따라서, 국토교통부에서는 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 소형충격재하시험을 통한 다짐도 판정 기법을 제안하였다. 그러나, 현재까지 소형충격재하시험을 통한 다짐도 판정 사례는 전무한 실정이다. 이는 평판재하시험과 소형충격재하시험 간의 상관관계에 대한 기존 제안식이 대부분 지반조건에 따른 시험결과를 반영하지 않고, 일괄적으로 상관관계를 규명하였기 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 골재와 토사로 지반조건을 구분하여 시험을 수행하였다. 그리고 각 시험에 따른 상관관계를 규명하고, 기존 제안식에 대한 고찰을 수행하였다. 토사에 대한 상관관계는 기존 제안식과 유사하지만 골재에 대한 상관관계는 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 새로운 상관관계를 규명하며, 현장 적용성 향상을 위해 다양한 조건에서 많은 시험 데이터를 축적하여 신뢰도 높은 상관관계 규명이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

키워드

다짐도 판정

소형충격재하시험

평판재하시험

상관관계

흙쌓기

References

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Baek, S.H., Cho, J.W., Kim, N.G., Kim, J.Y., 2022, Use of dynamic cone penetrometer and light-weight deflectometer for quality control on subgrade base, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, 38(11), 55-67 (in Korean with English abstract).

10.7843/KGS.2022.38.11.55

Choi, J.S., Kim, J.M., Han, J.S., Kim, B.I., 2009, A study for application of the light falling weight test on subbase and subgrade, International Journal of Highway Engineering, 11(2), 85-98 (in Korean with English abstract).

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10.12814/jkgss.2015.14.4.045

MOLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport), 2010, A study on the development of Korean pavement design method and improvement of pavement performance, 1-82 (in Korean).

MOLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport), 2011, Provisional guidelines for pavement substructure compaction management, 15-56 (in Korean).

MOLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport), 2017, Construction specifications for pavement substructures Ⅱ Compaction management for pavement substructures, 3-38 (in Korean).

TML (Tokyo Measuring Instruments Lab.), 2003, Manual of small falling weight deflectometer FWD-Light, 1-24 (in Japanese).

Information

Publisher :Korean Society of Engineering Geology
Publisher(Ko) :대한지질공학회
Journal Title :The Journal of Engineering Geology
Journal Title(Ko) :지질공학
Volume : 36
No :2
Pages :185-195
Received Date : 2026-03-18
Revised Date : 2026-04-01
Accepted Date : 2026-04-08
DOI :https://doi.org/10.9720/kseg.2026.2.185

The Journal of Engineering Geology ISSN:1226-5268(Print) 2287-7169(Online) 지질공학

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