All Issue

2020 Vol.30, Issue 3 Preview Page

Research Article

Improvement of Sand Dam Design for Safety and Increased Water Storage

안전과 저수량 증대 측면의 샌드댐 설계 개선 방안

Dong Gun Seo1
,
Jong Won Suh1
,
Jeong Uk Chae1
,
Sung Jun Kim1
,
Tae Sup Yun2
,
Il-Moon Chung3*
서 동건1
,
서 종원1
,
채 정욱1
,
김 성준1
,
윤 태섭2
,
정 일문3*
1Student, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University
2Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University
3Senior Research Fellow, Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, KICT
1연세대학교 건설환경공학과 재학생
2연세대학교 건설환경공학과 교수
3한국건설기술연구원 국토보전연구본부 선임연구위원
*Corresponding Author
30 September 2020. pp. 279-288
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

Sand dams are formed by installing beams across rivers and filling the secured space with water and a permeable material, such as sand, which stores the water in available pore space. These structures have mainly been reported in Kenya, Africa. This study proposes a sand dam design that improves structural safety and water intake. First, to increase the stability of the concrete wall of the dam, steel barbed wire connections are proposed for construction. Second, by using geotextile fabrics, evaporation may be reduced from 45% to 8%, and horizontal permeable discharge could be reduced markedly, therefore improving water storage capabilities. In addition, the water intake increased by ~2.4 times that of the previous design. Third, filtration efficiency is improved by selecting a sedimentary site for improved water quality. Finally, the installation of a tensiometer is suggested for monitoring the sand dam.

Keywords
sand dam
geotextile
tensiometer
evaporation

샌드댐이란 하천의 횡단에 보 등을 설치하고 확보된 공간에 모래와 같은 투수성 재료와 물을 함께 채운 후, 공극내의 물을 저장하여 사용하기 위한 구조물이다. 주로 아프리카 케냐를 중심으로 많은 사례가 보고되고 있는 샌드댐에 관해 본 연구에서는 샌드댐의 구조적 안전과 취수량 증대를 위한 설계 방안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 샌드댐의 콘크리트 벽체의 안정성을 확보하기 위해 철근을 가시철근으로 연결, 시공의 편리함을 제시했다. 둘째, 지오텍스타일을 이용하여 증발을 45%에서 8%로 감소시킬 수 있었고 수평방향 투수배출량도 크게 줄일 수 있어 취수량은 기존대비 약 2.4배 증가되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 밖에도 수질개선을 위한 침사지 설계로 여과효율을 높였고, 토양수분장력계를 통한 모니터링 방법도 제시하였다.

키워드
샌드댐
지오텍스타일
토양수분장력계
증발
References
1
Baurne, G., 1984, "Trap-dams": artificial subsurface storage of water, Water International, 9(1), 2-9.
10.1080/02508068408686043
2
Chung, I.M., Lee, J., 2019, Preliminary hydrological design for sand dam installation at the valley of Seosang-ri, Chuncheon, Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, 39(6), 725-733 (in Korean with English abstract).
3
Den Hoedt, G., 1990, Geotextiles, geomembranes and related products, CRC Press, 450p.
4
Ertsen, M., Hut, R., 2009, Two waterfalls do not hear each other. Sand-storage dams, science and sustainable development in Kenya, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 34(1-2), 14-22.
10.1016/j.pce.2008.03.009
5
Guo, J., Han, J., Wang, F., Zhang, X., Han, J., 2016, Quantifying water removal rate of a wicking geotextile under controlled temperature and relative humidity, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 29(1).
10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001703
6
Guo, J., Han, J., Zhang, X., Li, Z., 2019, Evaluation of moisture reduction in aggregate base by wicking geotextile using soil column tests, Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 47(3), 306-314.
10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.01.014
7
Hazen, A., 1904, On sedimentation, Transaction of ASCE, 53(980), 45-88.
8
Jeon, H., Hong, S., 2004, Development of PVA as geosynthetics, Polymer Science and Technology, 15(1), 20-30.
9
Kim, D.H., Yang, H.J., Kim, K.Y., Yun, T.S., 2015, Experimental investigation of evaporation and drainage in wettable and water-repellent sands, Sustainability, 7(5), 5648-5663.
10.3390/su7055648
10
Maddrell, S., 2018, Sand dams: a practical & technical manual, Excellent Development, 158p.
11
Ministry of Environment, 2017, Criteria of design of pump laboratory facility, KDS 61 45 00.
12
Quinn, R., Rushton, K., Parker, A., 2019, An examination of the hydrological system of a sand dam during the dry season leading to water balances, Journal of Hydrology X, 4, 100035.
10.1016/j.hydroa.2019.100035
13
Stokes, G.G., 1851, On the effect of internal friction of fluids on the motion of pendulums, Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 9, part ii: 8-106, p.52.
14
Villani, L., Castelli, G., Hagos, E.Y., Bresci, E., 2018, Water productivity analysis of sand dams irrigation farming in northern Ethiopia, Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development, 112(1), 139-160.
15
Yifru, B., Kim, M.G., Chang, S., Lee, J., Chung, I.M., 2018, Numerical modeling of the effect of sand dam on groundwater flow, The Journal of Engineering Geology, 28(4), 529-540.
Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Engineering Geology
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한지질공학회
  • Journal Title :The Journal of Engineering Geology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :지질공학
  • Volume : 30
  • No :3
  • Pages :279-288
  • Received Date : 2020-08-07
  • Revised Date : 2020-08-17
  • Accepted Date : 2020-08-18
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.9720/kseg.2020.3.279
Journal Informaiton The Journal of Engineering Geology The Journal of Engineering Geology
Online Submission
  • NRF
  • KOFST
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close