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Research Article

A Comparative Study of Archaeomagnetic Dating Results on the Korean Peninsula Based on Paleosecular Variation Models

영년변화 모델에 따른 한반도 고고지자기 연대측정 결과의 비교 연구

Jong Kyu Park1
,
Yong-Hee Park2*
박 종규1
,
박 용희2*
1PhD Candidate, Department of Geophysics, Kangwon National University
2Professor, Division of Geology & Geophysics, Kangwon National University
1강원대학교 지구물리학과 박사과정
2강원대학교 지질·지구물리학부 교수
*Corresponding Author
31 December 2025. pp. 811-823
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Abstract

Archaeomagnetic dating relies on regional paleosecular variation (PSV) models that accurately describe temporal changes in geomagnetic field direction. On the Korean Peninsula, archaeomagnetic age estimates have traditionally been based on the KPSV_v1.0 model, which incorporates directional data from both Korea and neighboring regions. However, limitations remain in representing region-specific geomagnetic directional variations for certain periods. In this study, we evaluate the performance of a newly developed PSV model, KPSV3K, constructed exclusively from archaeomagnetic directional data obtained on the Korean Peninsula, by comparing archaeomagnetic dating results derived from KPSV3K with those obtained using KPSV_v1.0. Mean archaeomagnetic directions were obtained from independent archaeological sites and selected to satisfy standard reliability criteria commonly applied in archaeomagnetic studies, including stable characteristic remanent magnetization components identified through stepwise alternating field demagnetization. Comparison of archaeomagnetic dating results reveals that the number of possible age intervals, their temporal extents, and the structure of associated probability density distributions vary among sites. Where mean archaeomagnetic directions are well resolved for specific periods within the PSV curves, both models yield comparable central age estimates. In contrast, when similar geomagnetic directions recur at multiple periods, archaeomagnetic dating results produce multiple age solutions regardless of the model applied. Notably, in several cases where age estimates derived from KPSV_v1.0 are distributed over broad or multiple time intervals, the application of KPSV3K constrains the age solutions to narrower and more clearly defined temporal ranges. These results indicate that KPSV3K more accurately represents regional geomagnetic directional variations of the Korean Peninsula during specific periods (e.g., the Goryeo Dynasty) and provides improved constraints on archaeomagnetic age estimates compared to the previous model.

Keywords
geomagnetic secular variation
Korean paleosecular variation curve
archaeomagnetic dating

고고지자기 연대측정은 지구자기장 방향의 시간적 변화를 반영한 지역 영년변화(paleosecular variation, PSV) 모델을 기반으로 한다. 한반도에서는 그동안 한국과 일본 자료를 결합하여 구축된 KPSV_v1.0 모델이 고고지자기 연대측정의 표준 곡선으로 활용되어 왔으나, 일부 시기동안 한반도 고유의 지구자기장 방향 변화를 반영하는 데 한계가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 한반도 내 서로 독립적인 고고학적 유적에서 획득한 평균 고고지자기 방향 자료를 이용하여 고고지자기 연대측정을 수행하고, 기존 모델인 KPSV_v1.0과 한반도 자료만을 기반으로 새롭게 구축된 KPSV3K를 적용한 연대측정 결과의 차이를 비교·분석하였다. 분석에 사용된 평균 고고지자기 방향은 모두 고고지자기학에서 사용되는 표준 신뢰성 기준을 충족하며, 교류소자 실험을 통해 안정적인 특성잔류자화 성분이 확인된 자료들이다. 두 영년변화 모델을 적용한 연대측정 결과를 비교한 결과, 유적에 따라 예측되는 연대 후보의 수, 시간적 범위, 그리고 확률밀도 분포 특성이 서로 다르게 나타난다. 평균 고고지자기 방향이 특정 시기에서 비교적 뚜렷하게 구분되는 경우에는 두 모델 모두에서 유사한 시기의 연대가 도출되는 반면, 평균 방향이 영년변화 모델 상에서 여러 시기에 걸쳐 유사하게 나타나는 경우에는 복수의 연대 후보가 함께 제시된다. 특히 기존 모델에서 연대 후보가 넓거나 복수의 시기로 분산되던 일부 사례에서는, KPSV3K를 적용시 연대 후보가 보다 제한된 시간 범위로 수렴하는 결과가 도출된다. 이러한 결과는 KPSV3K가 기존 모델에 비해 특정 시기(예, 고려시대)의 한반도 지구자기장 방향 변화를 보다 충실하게 반영하며, 한반도 고고지자기 연대측정에서 연대 제약을 개선할 수 있는 유효한 표준 곡선임을 시사한다.

키워드
지자기 영년변화
한반도 고영년변화 곡선
고고지자기 연대측정
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Engineering Geology
  • Publisher(Ko) :대한지질공학회
  • Journal Title :The Journal of Engineering Geology
  • Journal Title(Ko) :지질공학
  • Volume : 35
  • No :4
  • Pages :811-823
  • Received Date : 2025-12-23
  • Revised Date : 2025-12-27
  • Accepted Date : 2025-12-28
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.9720/kseg.2025.4.811
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